@article { author = {Felkai, Peter}, title = {Airport Security Versus Patient Security: The “Sickurity” Problem}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {73-75}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040301}, abstract = {The massive restrain security measurements at the airports very much impress the health status of the healthy and sick passengers alike. The security check is undisputedly a harassment – the confiscation of fluids, the limited movement on the airplane results in a stressful situation and put a harmful effect on healthy traveler and an even more harmful one on the sick. This kind of problem could be called “sickurity” problem. The aim of this article is to estimate the effects of safety measurements on the patients during their medical repatriation by commercial flight. Due to the high level of anti-terrorism measurements, the medical repatriation of a sick traveler has become more difficult than ever. The main issues of the problem are the following: entering with a patient on a stretcher into the security restricted area; taking the medical equipment, tools and drugs of the escorting professionals on the plane; ensuring appropriate oxygenisation in the safety zone, etc. While the safety measurements and restrictions could interfere with the patient’s treatment before and during the fly, the same is true for the medical escort, who need to treat and care the patient before and during the trip. Unfortunately, majority of airports are not prepared to solve this problem. Moreover, the security rules are vary by countries. Eventually the patient security and airport security are not mutually exclusive ideas. The traveller – both healthy and sick – has a right for appropriate care and treatment even at the airport. Therefore uniformised, satisfactory regulations are badly needed in order to remedy this urgent problem – a protocol, which meet the security and the health-care requirements both alike. Hopefully the authorities (IATA, ASMA, local transport authorities) whom may concerned in the topic will realise and soon create a solution to the “sickurity” problem.}, keywords = {Medical repatriation,Airport security,Medical escort,patient safety}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33028.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33028_66ce9d018047e29014c88906fd807b73.pdf} } @article { author = {Seeman, Mary}, title = {Travel Risks for Those With Serious Mental Illness}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {76-81}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040302}, abstract = {Introduction: It has been known for a long time in the French-speaking, but not the English-speaking literature that travel can exacerbate pre-existing psychosis. The purpose of this article was to review the literature on this subject and present recommendations for prevention. Methods: For this narrative review of the literature on travel risks in individuals with pre-existing psychosis, appropriate terms were used to search Google Scholar, and all identified English, French, and Polish references were investigated. Results: Potential psychotogenic stresses of travel were found to be: mental confusion due to rapid transition into unfamiliar roles, physical discomfort and malaise seeding delusional beliefs, reawakening of old fears, loss of usual supports, overuse of substances to quiet fears, irregular scheduling or interruption of medications, jet lag with insomnia and hormonal shifts, the shock of acculturation, and unaccustomed interpersonal encounters. Women and the elderly were at greatest risk for symptom escalation related to travel. Conclusion: Travel risks need to be recognized and anticipated in vulnerable populations because many travel stressors are preventable.}, keywords = {Psychosis,Travel,Stress,Jet Lag}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33029.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33029_738f7bb0f6124261891cf6107cbd9f2c.pdf} } @article { author = {Saha, Rajib and Misra, Raghunath and Saha, Indranil}, title = {School Functioning Activity of Bengali Thalassemic Children Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {82-87}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040303}, abstract = {Introduction: The study was conducted to assess the school activity of thalassemic children and to reveal the relationship between school activity with the socio-demographic factors as well as clinico-therapeutic profile. Methods: A total of 365 admitted thalassemic patients of Burdwan Medical College (ages 5 to 12 years) were participated in this cross sectional descriptive study conducted on from July 2011 to June 2012. Their parents were interviewed using school functioning domain of Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scale. Independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis test were applied to observe the difference between mean values in accordance to their applicability. Statistically significant factors in bivariate analysis were considered for binary logistic regression. Results: Mean score of school activity was 49.42 ± 15.30 out of 100. 49.3% thalassemic children had fair (50-74.9) school functioning score. Twenty percent of the children were presently not going to school, 11.8% never went to school and the remaining 8.2% were dropped out. Binary logistic regressions revealed that school activity worsened 4 times with the increase in frequency of blood transfusion single time per year. Patients belonging to joint family and family with no positive history of such disease, had 3.4 and 3.9 times worse school activity than nuclear family and family with positive child history respectively. Male children had 2 times more poor school activity than female. Conclusion: School functioning activity of Bengali thalassemic children is generally poor, but counselling of parents and families can improve the situation.}, keywords = {Blood transfusion,Logistic models,Quality of Life,Student dropouts,Tertiary care centers}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33030.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33030_5a17ac7ff9b1634bd924201534cfa251.pdf} } @article { author = {Amouzagar, Saeide and Mojaradi, Zahra and Izanloo, Azra and Beikzadeh, Somayeh and Milani, Mahdieh}, title = {Qualitative Examination of Health Tourism and Its Challenges}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {88-91}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040304}, abstract = {Introduction: Health tourism refers to travel for the use of services that improve or promote the physical or psychological health of an individual in a location apart from their place of residence lasting over 24 hours. Health tourism provides a sizeable share of revenues derived from the health sector in some countries. The high potential for health tourism in Iran, especially in the city of Mashhad, the need to establish a groundwork for health tourism in Iran that cannot be overemphasized. Because the transfer of knowledge and theoretical and practical synthesis are underlying concerns, this study examined how health tourism knowledge is transferred and applied from the perspective of health tourism officials and academics. Methods: This study adopted a qualitative approach based on grounded theory. Data collection was conducted through purposeful sampling using in-depth and semi-structured individual interviews. The conversations were recorded and then transcribed verbatim and finally analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s coding paradigm and constant comparative analysis. Results: The results of interviews with 16 participants from among hospital managers, university professors and tourism and health insurance managers yielded 100 initial codes, out of which 60 conceptual labels or preliminary codes for broader concepts were extracted after repeated modification to reach conceptual density. Conclusion: Three categories having several subcategories were derived from the responses of participants: the challenges and benefits of health tourism, human interaction and communication and the impact of international standards.}, keywords = {Medical tourism,qualitative research,Grounded theory}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33031.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33031_00cca2b55957331e71a50246a53bc6ea.pdf} } @article { author = {Saberi Isfeedvajani, Mohsen and Karimi Zarchi, Ali Akbar and Mehrabi Tavana, Ali}, title = {Diet Behavior of Employees at a Medical Sciences University in Tehran, Iran: Iran Health Day 2015}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {92-95}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040305}, abstract = {Introduction: Diet behavior plays an important role in non-communicable disease. The theme of World Health Day 2015 was “improve food safety from farm to plate (always and everywhere)”. The present study assessed the diets of employees at a medical university in Tehran, Iran on Iran Health Day 2015. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed the diets of 468 employees of a medical university in Tehran on World Health Day 2015. The subjects completed questionnaires on demographics and diet behavior. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. Independent samples t-test or its non-parametric equivalent were used to compare groups. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 33.45 (SD: 13.19) years. Of these 52.7% were male, 50.8% had university degrees and 42% were obese or overweight. The mean score of the diet questionnaire was 26.15 (±4.46). The highest score was 36 and the lowest was 15. Although the diet questionnaire score was significantly higher for female subjects, there was no significant relationship between educational level and diet questionnaire score. Conclusion: This study showed that few employees ate breakfast and more than 50% did not restrict their use of sugar and sweets. Female employees scored higher on the diet questionnaire. Overall, diet should be improved through attractive types of continuous education.}, keywords = {Diet,Behavior,Lifestyle,Iran,Global Health}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33032.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33032_7525c71d58fcf24ec8b502ab48f6f0c4.pdf} } @article { author = {Khan, Inam}, title = {Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Masquerading as High Altitude Cerebral Edema at Extreme Altitude}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {96-98}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040306}, abstract = {Introduction: Extreme altitude travel has gained popularity globally for adventurous, scientific, and military endeavors. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) at extreme altitude is a rare, covert, and emergent condition requiring immediate intervention. Case Presentation: A case of CVST masqueraded as high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) at 6700 m/22000 ft in Karakoram Himalayas. Atypical oligosymptomatic presentation along with terrain, weather, and communication restrictions complicated diagnosis and management, leading to demise. CVST, confirmed on autopsy, was not associated with any pre-existing risk factors. Conclusion: CVST at extreme altitude can occur spontaneously due to prolonged hypobaric hypoxia which can precipitate thrombosis through capillary damage, haemoconcentration, and a hypercoagulable state.}, keywords = {Cerebral Thrombosis,Cerebral edema,Altitude,Mountaineering,Extreme Cold,Headache}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33033.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33033_eec801fcd4adbaa7c550fa55a3f167ff.pdf} } @article { author = {Bidaki, Reza and Bozorg, Bonnie and Khorshidi, Kiandokht}, title = {Sleep Disturbance in Travelers}, journal = {International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health}, volume = {4}, number = {3}, pages = {99-99}, year = {2016}, publisher = {International Travel Medicine Center of Iran}, issn = {2322-1100}, eissn = {2476-5759}, doi = {10.21859/ijtmgh-040307}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33034.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_33034_6a8fb498304215b8af661c7363341096.pdf} }