International Travel Medicine Center of Iran International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 2322-1100 5 1 2017 02 01 Unexpected Risks for Campers and Hikers: Tick-Borne Infections 5 13 43357 10.15171/ijtmgh.2017.02 EN Gokcen Dinc Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Erciyes, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey Hayati Demiraslan Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University 38039, Kayseri, Turkey Mehmet Doganay Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University 38039, Kayseri, Turkey Erciyes University Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research and Implementation Center 38039, Kayseri, Turkey 0000-0003-3922-4901 Journal Article 2016 10 18 <strong>Introduction:</strong> Camping and hiking are popular worldwide recreational activities. All age groups, elderly or young, immunocompetent or immunosupressive people may engage in these activities. During these activities, individuals may get injured or be exposed to pathogens. There is also a strong possibility of experiencing mosquito, lice, or tick bites, bee stings, or being bitten by scorpions, snakes, rodents, wild or feral animals. This study reviewed the current literature regarding tick-borne infections encountered during recreational activities.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> PubMed and the Web of Science databases were searched for the keywords “campers,” “hikers,” and “tick borne infections.” Major reviews, research papers, and case series on campers and hikers were reviewed, and current articles for tick-borne infections were selected and summarized.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> People who engage in recreational activities are potentially at risk for infection from environmental sources. A group of important vector-borne diseases is tick-borne infections, the major agents of which are Babesia spp., Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Francisella tularensis, Coxiella burnetii, Crimen-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), and Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) viruses. These infections have a widespread geographical distribution.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Participating in outdoor recreational activities is increasing all over the world. While partaking in these activities, humans are frequently exposed to ticks and are potentially at risk for infection. To prevent infection, public and medical awareness is necessary. https://www.ijtmgh.com/article_43357_bc8053498673363e45ef723633a02cc7.pdf