Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Impact of Gut Prebiotics

Mehdipour, Mohammad; Madady, Aref; Jookesht, Nika; Shabanpour, Mohammadreza; Hajizade, Fahimeh; Ebrahimi, Mahdieh; Mokabberi, Sepideh

doi:10.30491/ijtmgh.2025.507687.1463

Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Impact of Gut Prebiotics

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Mohammad Mehdipour

Aref Madady

Nika Jookesht

Mohammadreza Shabanpour

Fahimeh Hajizade

Mahdieh Ebrahimi

Sepideh Mokabberi

Comprehensive Health Research Center, Bab.C., Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.

10.30491/ijtmgh.2025.507687.1463

Abstract

Gastrointestinal cancers, including those of the esophagus, stomach, and colon, represent a significant global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent research has highlighted the potential role of gut prebiotics in influencing cancer development and progression. This review examines the mechanisms by which prebiotics, non-digestible fibers that promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, may contribute to gastrointestinal health and cancer prevention. We explore the impact of prebiotics on gut microbiota composition, immune modulation, and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have been associated with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Additionally, we discuss emerging evidence from clinical and preclinical studies that suggest a protective effect of prebiotics against gastrointestinal cancers. By synthesizing current findings, this review aims to underscore the importance of dietary interventions utilizing prebiotics as a potential strategy for reducing the risk of gastrointestinal cancers and improving patient outcomes. Future research directions are proposed to further investigate the clinical implications and optimal application of prebiotics in cancer prevention and management.

Keywords

Gastrointestinal cancers

Prebiotics

Gut microbiota

Cancer prevention